Sunfish, Mola mola, Giant Sunfish

The sunfish (Mola mola) is the world's largest bony fish, growing up to 2.5 meters (8.2 feet) in length and weighing up to 200 kilograms (440 pounds). Its body is remarkably flattened and disc-shaped, with a small caudal fin (tail). It lacks a swim bladder, which means it struggles to control its depth and often surfaces to breathe. It feeds primarily on jellyfish, algae, and small fish. **Important Note:** Sunfish can accumulate toxins (like ciguatera) from their diet, making them potentially unsafe for human consumption. It is crucial to source sunfish from reputable suppliers with knowledge of safe harvesting practices.

Sunfish inhabit warm and temperate waters throughout the Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Black Sea. They are often found in open ocean environments but may venture into coastal areas, bays, and estuaries. They prefer clear water and areas with abundant jellyfish and algae.

Typically 6-30 years, but lifespan is difficult to determine accurately.

Sunfish are unusual fish with a unique life cycle. They are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. The females release large, buoyant eggs into the water column. Larvae hatch from these eggs and undergo a radical metamorphosis, initially resembling a larval fish with tiny fins. They gradually develop the characteristic large, disk-like body and tiny pectoral fins of the adult. They are slow swimmers and often rely on currents to move. They are known to bask at the surface of the water for extended periods, hence their name.

The taste of sunfish varies depending on the region and individual preferences. Historically, in some parts of Europe and Asia, it has been considered a delicacy, often prepared grilled or smoked. The flesh is relatively fatty and has a mild, somewhat bland flavor. However, due to potential toxins (see description), consumption is often regulated and may be discouraged.